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The Future is Liquid
Release time:
2024-08-13
Joe Capes, CEO of LiquidStack, talks sustainability, rack density, and the role of two-phase immersion liquid cooling in the data centre of the future.
The rise of liquid cooling throughout the data centre industry is largely the rest of what Joe Capes, CEO of breakout liquid cooling firm LiquidStack, calls “a perfect storm.” As demand for increasingly powerful, increasingly dense compute architectures rises throughout the industry - in support of growing artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and high performance computing (HPC) adoption, the need for increasingly sustainable practice through reduced energy and water consumption is putting data centre operators in a seemingly impossible situation.
“Cooling accounts for around 45% to 50% of an air-cooled data centre's energy consumption,” says Capes. “And, for the most part, the data centre industry has wrung out every last drop of efficiency that can be found in air cooling.” However, the compute power - and subsequent energy draw - of server components is still on the rise. Increasingly, the industry is waking up to the potential of liquid cooling to reconcile these two seemingly-mutually-exclusive trends.
“Right now, there's a tremendous amount of investment happening in the cloud services and hyperscale communities into liquid cooling,” says Capes. “The entire data centre and IT ecosystem is ramping up around two-phase immersion cooling.” That fact puts LiquidStack in a potentially pivotal position. Fresh off the back of a $10mn Series A funding round, LiquidStack is mobilising its operations at speed, in order to “scale up our manufacturing capabilities and really build a global offering,” says Capes.
What is Liquid Immersion Cooling?
Liquid immersion cooling is easily one of the most modern and potentially exciting forms of modern data centre cooling. Liquid, including water, is a far more efficient way to transfer heat than cold air - the traditional medium for cooling a data centre. Water cooled data centre racks have fantastic power efficiency, but the threat of damage from any water at all coming into direct contact with several hundred thousand dollars worth of computing equipment has prevented the technology from seeing much adoption.
Liquid immersion cooling uses a dielectric coolant fluid rather than water to gather the heat from server components. Dielectric fluid, unlike water, can come into direct contact with electrical components (like CPU’s, drives, memory, etc.) without causing damage and, in the case of companies like LiquidStack, transfers heat even more efficiently than water.
The company’s liquid cooling solutions (in a business context and also in the sense of the literal solutions it pumps across a piping hot server) claim to be able to provide a 4000 times higher heat transfer coefficient compared to air, 21 times more heat rejection per IT rack compared to air cooling, a 41% decrease in energy consumption compared to air cooling, and (this is the big selling point) a 26% higher capacity for cooling than any other form of liquid cooling on the market today.
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